Core77
Years ago at design school, for one lesson a pair of professional furniture designers showed us the simple buck they made to work out seat and seatback angles: It was two large metal wire grids, facing each other like the wings of a TIE fighter. They would slide thick dowels through the grid from one "wing" to the other, building up the surface of the seat and seatback, then they'd sit on the dowels to assess the comfort of the angles. It was quick, dirty and clever.
I want to say they were using 1.25"-diameter dowels, which gives you an idea of the grid spacing. It's only going to get you so close, and for further tweaking a more refined buck would be needed. For greater, literally millimeter precision, you could build something like furniture designer Oliver Trepper demonstrates on his Instagram:
I'd love to see more chair buck contraptions, but unsurprisingly they're not easy to find. If you've got an example of yours and you're not proprietary about it, please do drop us a line.
I’m a lapsed industrial designer. I was born in NYC and figured I’d die there, but a few years ago I abandoned New York to live on a farm in the countryside with my wife. We have six dogs.
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Furniture Designer Oliver Trepper's Chair Buck for Dialing In the Seat Height and Angle
If this is being done by a student to learn the basics it is one thing - seat height, seat angle, and back angle are so well known and documented that building this kind of gadget is just unnecessary unless reinventing the wheel is also your thing.