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Fastener Re-design: A Bolt with No Nut
In the bottom photo, F-1, it is pretty obvious that an allen screw sits in the head of the bolt and extends all the way through the bolt and threads into the expanding plug. Allen tightened, plug pulled into bolt, threads expanded.
In the top design, F-2, the same concept seems to be done in reverse- the allen screw is mounted in the expander-plug, runs through it and threads into body of the bolt.
On the Lock'n Bolt website it does look like there are types (F-3, F-4) that seat when bottomed-out. Those do seem like a one-way trip, and make me think of the one-way screw heads used to hold bathroom stalls together.
In one of the technical drawings it seems they are indicating using the set-screw/plug combo on a threaded stud. I think THAT is a great idea, because wouldn't it be nice if your cylinder head or manifold studs stayed put when you wanted them to, but could come out when they needed to, without having to lock two nuts together?
In the last two drawings it appears that a second screw/bolt inside the first can be tightened (in the first case using a blade screw driver, in the second an Allen Wrench) to flare the bolt end -- sort of the way a Cherry or pop rivet works.
I agree that this is most appropriate for a production environment where speed and reliability make up for the expense of the fastener. In any case, it is not a fastener that could be easily removed.